Progress paused: What end-of-year data reveal about early literacy in grades K–2.

With year-over-year gains flat for the first time since the pandemic, a deeper look at skill level data can help leaders plan for next year. The latest research brief highlights:

  • For the first time since the pandemic, year-over-year improvement in early literacy stalled across grades K–2.
  • 66 percent of K–2 students overall are on track to learn to read, with 34% of young learners scoring below benchmark, which increases their risk for not learning to read.
  • Comparing benchmark composite scores and skill level data at end-of-year can help administrators evaluate their systems of instruction and make decisions for the coming year.
An adult helps a child read a book at a table. The child is writing, and the adult is smiling. The setting resembles a classroom, with windows in the background.

Explore Amplify’s end-of-year research brief.

Large orange text displays "70%," representing the percentage of kindergarten students on track, with a descriptive heading above.

Kindergarten at end-of-year

70% of kindergarten students are on track to learn to read, unchanged from 2024–25. Read about this year’s stalled progress and steps educators can take.

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Large orange text shows 68%, indicating the percentage of Grade 1 students on track, with a descriptive label above.

First grade at end-of-year

68% of first grade students are on track to learn to read, two percentage points lower than 2024–25. Read about this year’s stalled progress and steps to take.

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Large orange text displays "64%" under the heading "Percent of Grade 2 students on track" on a plain background.

Second grade at end-of-year

64% of second grade students are on track to learn to read, one percentage point lower than 2024–25. Read about this year’s stalled progress and steps to take.

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Research briefs by school year

October 2024

BOY: Summer instructional loss highlights the importance of quality core instruction for the youngest grades.

Read the brief

October 2025

BOY: More students start the school year on track for learning to read, though momentum is slow.

Read the brief

February 2025

MOY: Early literacy gains offer hope for COVID recovery, though broader literacy challenges persist nationwide.

Read the brief

February 2026

MOY: Slow but steady: K–2 reading readiness climbs just 1–2 percentage points annually.

Read the brief

July 2025

EOY: Reading scores rise overall; gender disparities present a complex picture.

Read the brief

June 2026

EOY: Progress paused: What end-of-year data reveal about early literacy in grades K–2

Read the brief

Read more research and case studies.

Amplify’s high-quality programs benefit millions of students every day using methods that are evidence-based, ESSA-aligned, and showing efficacy in a variety of contexts. Read more research and case studies and see more briefs on early literacy.