Skill

RF.K.2.E: Add, Delete, or Substitute Individual Phonemes in Simple, One-Syllable Words to Make New Words

Standard

CCSS.ELA-LITERACY.RF.K.2.E: Add or substitute individual sounds (phonemes) in simple, one-syllable words to make new words.

Description

• Mastery: Student can quickly (with low effort) add, delete, or substitute individual sounds to make news words.
• Acquiring: Student can add, delete, or substitute individual sounds in simple words with repeated direction and assistance from teacher.

At the top of the continuum is the highest level of phonological awareness, which is phonemic awareness. Phonemic awareness is the understanding that words are made up of individual sounds or phonemes that can be manipulated and that by segmenting, blending, or changing individual phonemes within words, new words are created. Spoken language can be broken down in many different ways, including sentences into words and words into syllables, onset and rime, and individual phonemes (e.g., in the word pump, /p/, /ŭ/, /m/, /p/). Manipulating sounds includes deleting, adding, or substituting syllables or sounds. (Intervention for Reading Success, pg. 55)

Probes

Addition

• T: What sound did you add to change mile to smile? S: /s/
• T: What sound did you add to change cap to clap? S: /l/
• T: Add the /m/ sound to /ăt/. What’s the new word? S: mat
• T: Say lip, but add /s/ to the beginning of the word. S: slip
• T: Now say bet, but add /s/ to the end of the word. S: bets

Deletion

• T: say tăn without the /t/. S: an
• T: What sound did you take away to change bat to at? S: /b/
• T: What sound did you take away to change grave to rave? S: /g/
• T: What sound did you take away to change brake to bake? S: /r/

 

Substitution

• T: say tăn with /m/ instead of /t/. S: man
• T: What sound changed from sit to pit? S: /p/
• T: What sound changed from yes to yet? S: /t/
• T: What sound changed from bin to bun? S: /ŭ/
• The word slam became slap. How did the word change?

Activities and Resources

Small Group Instruction – Direct Instruction

PA.020 Final Phoneme Pie
Three words, New Word
There’s a Wocket in My Pocket book- Dr. Seuss

During Transition

Listen Up! Back to Beginning Sounds
Let’s Make a Change
Silly Song

Reinforce Skills/Independent Work Time – Independent/Small Group Center Activity

Students can independently or with a partner work on the same activities from 1a
PA.049 Drop and Say
PA.050 Name Changes

Considerations & Reminders

• Teachers should not present text nor images to students when assessing this skill. Phonemic awareness addresses the ability for the student to hear similar sounds in oral speech.
• When working with students with this skill, keep your phrases brief so that students can focus on the sound that you are focused on.
• Tiles are great manipulatives for practicing this skill. However, as students become proficient, conduct activities without tiles.